HD - Full subject notes - comprehensive and clear

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Long notes with complete case summaries and explanation of heads of power, limitations etc. See step by step exam scaffolds with just the major principles extracted sold seperately TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 9 Engineers Case 1920 9 Characterisation 14 Whether a law is constitutionally valid 14 Characterisation of laws 14 Melbourne Corporation v Commonwealth 14 Tasmanian Dam Case 15 Bank Nationalisation Case 15 Dual Characterisation 15 Fairfax v FCT 16 Work Choices Case 16 Herald & Weekly Times Ltd v Cth (1966) 16 Murphyores Case 16 Actors and Announcers Equity 17 Interaction between heads of power 17 Engineers Case 17 Pidoto v Victoria 1943 17 Bourke v State Bank 17 Work Choices 17 Commonwealth v ACT (2013) 18 Stenhouse v Coleman (1944) 18 Re F; Ex parte F 19 Re Dingjan; Ex parte Wagner (1995) 19 Grain Pool of WA v Cth (2000) 19 Proportionality 20 Australian National Airways v Cth (1945) (ANA Case) 20 The Incidental Power 21 D’Emden v Pedder (1904) 21 Grannal v Marrickville 1955 21 Burton v Honan (1952) 21 Proportionality & Incidental Power 22 Nationwide News v Wills (1992) 22 Leask v Cth 1996 22 Reading Down & Severance 23 (Work Choices Case) 2006 23 Bell Group NV (in liq) v Western Australia (2016) 23 Victoria v Commonwealth 1996 24 Trade & Commerce Power 24 W&A McArthur v QLD (1920) 25 ANA Case 1945 25 AG (WA) v Australian National Airlines Commission (1976) 26 R v Burgess; Ex parte Henry (1936) 26 Effect of the incidental power 27 Wragg v NSW (1953) 27 Second Airlines Case (1965) 27 O’Sullivan v Noarlunga Meat Ltd (1954) 28 A-G (WA) v ANA Commission (1976) (Sweeney) 29 Pape v Commissioner of Taxation (2009) 29 Inconsistency 30 Direct inconsistency – Impossibility of obedience test 31 Direct inconsistency – Denial of rights test 32 Clyde Engineering Co Ltd v Cowburn (1926) 32 The Kakariki 33 Telstra Corporation Ltd v Worthing 1997 33 Outback Ballooning Pty Ltd (2019) 33 R v Brisbane Licensing Court; Ex parte Daniell (1920) 34 Ex Parte McLean 1930 35 Commercial Radio Coffs Harbour v Fuller (1986) 35 Ansett v Wardley (1980) 35 Operational Inconsistency 36 Cth v WA 1999 36 Momcilovic v The Queen (2011) 36 Commonwealth v ACT (2013) 37 Manufacturing Inconsistency 37 West v Comm of Taxation (NSW) 38 Wenn v A-G (Vic) (1948) 38 Airlines of NSW Pty Ltd v NSW (no 2) (Second Airlines Case) 1965 38 Botany Municipal Council v Federation Airports Corporation (1992) 39 Bayside City Council v Telstra Corporation Ltd 2004 39 Work Choices Case (2006 39 R v Credit Tribunal; Ex parte General Motors Acceptance Corp (1977) 40 Viskauskis v Niland 1983 40 University of Wollongong v Metwally (1984) 40 External Affairs Power 41 Geographical externality: matters external to Australia 41 R v Sharkey (1949) 41 Seas and Submerged Lands Case (1975) (NSW v Cth 1975) 42 Polyukhovich Commonwealth (1991) 42 Horta v Commonwealth (1994) 42 Pape 2009 43 Thomas v Mowbray (2007) 43 Alqudsi v Commonwealth (2015) 44 Treaties 44 R v Burgess; Ex parte Henry (1936) 45 Tasmanian Dam Case 45 Limits to the power to implement treaties 46 Tasmanian Dam Case 46 Richardson v Forestry Commission 1988 46 Victoria v Commonwealth (Industrial Relations Case) 1996 47 Defence Power & Nationhood Power 47 Overview of the Constitutional provisions re defence 47 Nature of the defence power – waxing and waning 48 Andrews v Howell 1941 48 It is a Purposive power 48 Stenhouse v Coleman (1944) 49 War and its aftermath 49 R v Foster (1949) 49 Communist Party Case (1951) 49 The Commonwealth cannot recite itself into power 49 Defence Power’s Primary/Secondary Aspect: Fullager J 49 The stream cannot rise higher than its source (Fullager J) 50 Validity of law does not depend upon the opinion of a decision-maker 50 The need to establish a state of war 50 Marcus Clark & Co v Commonwealth (1952) 51 Anti Terrorism 51 Thomas v Mowbray (2007) 51 Nationhood Power 52 Davis v Commonwealth (1988) 52 Pape v Commissioner of Taxation 53 Corporations Power 54 What is a corporation? 54 Communications Union v Queensland Rail (2015) 54 What is a foreign, trading or financial corporation? 55 What degree of trading is required to make a ‘trading corporation’? 55 R v Trade Practices Tribunal; Ex parte St George County Council) (1974) 55 Adamson’s case (1979) 56 Financial Corporations 56 State Superannuation Board v Trade Practices Commission (1982) 56 Corporations that have no activities 57 Fencott v Muller (1983) 57 Can a government body be a trading corporation? 57 Tasmanian Dam Case (1983) 57 Lower courts and a more liberal test 57 Early view of the corporations power 58 Huddart Parker & Co Pty Ltd v Moorehead (1908) 58 Strickland v Rocla Concrete Pipes Ltd (1971) 58 Scope of the corporations power 59 Fontana Films (1982) 59 Tasmanian Dam Case 59 Re Dingjan; Ex parte Wagner (1995) 60 Work Choices Case 2006 60 Williams v Commonwealth (no2) 61 The Power to Incorporate 62 Incorporation Case 1990 62 Return to co-operation 62 Race Power 63 Koowarta v Bjelke-Petersen (1982) 63 Tasmanian Dam Case 64 WA v Commonwealth (1995) 64 Kartinyeri v Commonwealth (1998) 65 Expert panel recommendation 67 Grants Power & Appropriations 68 Section 96 Grants Power 69 Cth not to have ‘favourites’: s51(ii) combined with s99 70 Victoria v Cth (Federal Roads Case) (1926) 70 Deputy Commissioner of Taxation (NSW) v WR Moran Pty Ltd (1939) 70 W R Moran v Deputy Federal Commissioner of Taxation (NSW) 1940 71 First Uniform Tax Case (1942) 71 Second Uniform Tax Case (1957) 72 DOGS Case (1981) 72 P J Magennis Pty Ltd v Commonwealth (1949) 73 Pye v Renshaw (1951) 73 ICM Agriculture Pty Ltd v Commonwealth (2009) 73 Williams No 1 on s96 74 Appropriations powers 74 Appropriations for the ordinary annual services of government 74 Pape v Commissioner of Taxation (2009) 75 Williams v Commonwealth No 1 (2012) 76 Williams v Commonwealth No 2 77 Wilkie v Commonwealth (2017) 77 Taxation Power 78 Section 51(ii) 78 Section 114 79 Section 53 79 Section 55 80 Justiciability and practice 80 Definition of taxation 80 Air Caledonie International v Cth (1988) 80 Australian Tape Manufacturers Assoc Ltd v Commonwealth (1993) 81 Northern Suburbs General Cemetery Reserve Trust v Commonwealth (1993) 81 Luton v Lessels (2002) 82 Roy Morgan Research Pty Ltd v FCT 2011 82 Fee for a service 83 Air Caledonie International v Commonwealth (1988) 84 Airservices Australia v Canadian Airlines International Ltd (1999) 84 Pape v Commissioner of Taxation (2009) 85 Excise Duties 85 Constitutional scheme 86 The meaning of ‘excise duties’ 86 Peterswald v Bartley (1909) 86 Matthews v Chicory Marketing Board (1938) 87 Parton v Milk Board (1949) 87 Business Franchise Fees and Excise 88 Dennis Hotels (1960) 88 Dickenson’s Arcade (1974) 89 Hematite Petroleum v Victoria (1983) 89 Phillip Morris Ltd v Commissioner of Business Franchise Fees (1989) 90 Capital Duplicators No 2 (1993) 90 Ha v NSW 1997 91 Consumption taxes 92 Dickenson’s Arcade 92 Freedom of Interstate Trade 93 Protectionist Discrimination 93 Cole v Whitfield (1998) 93 Bath v Alston 1988 94 Castlemaine Tooheys 1990 95 Exceptions to s92 where the public is being protected 95 Betfair Pty Ltd v WA (2008) (No1) 95 Betfair No 2 (2012) 96 Sportsbet v NSW (2012) 96 Intercourse among the States 97 R v Smithers; ex parte Benson 97 Gratwick v Johnson 97 Nationwide News 1992 97 AMS v AIF 1999 97 Which test applies when there is both trade and commerce and intercourse? 98 APLA v Legal Services Commissioner 2005 98 Inter-governmental immunities – Melbourne Corporation doctrine 99 Melbourne Corporation Doctrine 99 Melbourne Corporation (1947) 99 Tasmanian Dam Case 100 Qld Electricity Commission v Commonwealth (1985) 100 The interaction between the Melbourne Corporation principle and heads of power 101 Re State Public Services Federation; Ex parte A-G (WA) (1993) 101 Re Lee; Ex parte Harper (1986) 101 Australian Education Union 1995 101 Vic v Cth (Industrial Relations Act Case) (1996) 102 Austin v Commonwealth 2003 102 Clarke v FCT (2009) 103 Fortescue Metals (2013) 104 Workchoices Case (2006) 104 Spence v Queensland 105 Inter-Governmental Immunities Prt 2 – Cigamatic Principle and s117 105 To what effect can State laws effect or bind the Commonwealth? 106 Pirrie v McFarlane (1925) 106 Commonwealth v Cigamatic (1962) 107 Re Residential Tenancies Tribunal of NSW 1997 107 Cigamatic doctrine until Spence 108 Spence v Queensland 2019 108 Section 117 109 Henry v Boehm (1973) 109 Street v Qld Bar Association (1989) 109 Goryl v Greyhound Aust Pty Ltd 110 Sweedman v Transport Accident Commission (2006) 111 Compulsory Acquisition of Property 111 Section 51(xxxi) 111 What is property? 112 Minister of State for the Army v Dalziel 1944 112 Bank Nationalisation Case 112 What amounts to acquisition? 112 A-G (Cth) v Schmidt (1961) 113 When s 51(xxxi) applies 113 Nintendo Co Ltd v Centronics (1994) 113 Mutual Pools No 2 114 Health Insurance Commission v Peverill (1994) 115 Georgiadis v AOTC (1994) 115 Airservices Australia v Canadian Airlines International (1999) 116 Application of s 51(xxxi) to territories 116 Newcrest Mining (WA) v Commonwealth (1997) 116 ICM Agriculture Pty Ltd v Commonwealth (2009) 117 Telstra v Commonwealth (2009) 117 Wurridjal v Commonwealth (2009) 118 J T International (2012) 118 Cunningham v Commonwealth (2016) 118 What amounts to just terms? 119 Grace Bros Pty Ltd v Commonwealth (1946) 119 Tasmanian Dam Case 120 Wurridjal v Commonwealth 2009 120 Implied Freedom of Political Communication 120 ACTV v Cth 1992 121 Nationwide News v Wills (1992) 121 ACTV v Cth 1992 122 Lange v ABC (1997) 122 Levy v Victoria 1997 123 Monis v The Queen [2013] 124 McCloy v NSW (2015) 125 McCloy v NSW –the other judgments 126 Political Communication pt2 + Freedom of Religion 126 Brown v Tasmania – protest laws and proportionality 127 Brown v Tasmania 2017 127 Clubb v Edwards (2019) 127 Clubb and structured proportionality 128 Freedom of religion: s 116 129 What is a religion? 129 Jehovah’s Witnesses Case (1943) 129 Scientology Case (1983) 129 Conflicts between religious practices and ordinary laws 130 Krygger v Williams (1912) 130 Jehovah’s Witnesses Case (1943) 130 Preventing the exercise of religion 131 Kruger v Commonwealth (Stolen Generations Case) 1997 131 Establishment of a religion 132 DOGS Case 132 Religious test 132 Williams v Commonwealth 2012 133