HPS301 Lecture and Seminar Notes

Description

All topics covered in these notes, information gleaned and written in own words from lectures and seminars attended during Semester Two, 2018. All examples and graphs are of my own creation - answers are my own! Topics covered: Research designs – major approaches to research, experimental designs, quasi-experiments, non-experimental research, correlational research, third variable and directionality problems, descriptive research, internal and external validity, experimental research, extraneous variables, between- and within- subject designs, time-related factors, non- and quasi- experimental group designs, cross-sectional and longitudinal research Correlations, Bivariate Regression and Preliminary Data Analysis – correlation, scatterplots, Anscombe’s Quartet, relationship strength, coefficient of determination, ‘r’ significance test, bivariate regression, prediction, regression, factors affecting correlations, range restriction, heterogenous samples, outliers, preliminary data analysis Multiple regression – bivariate regression, research questions, B, beta (β), r and sr, significant tests, sequential multiple regression, sequential multiple regression, adjusted r2, considerations One-way ANOVA and Power – logics, assumptions, summary of calculations, partitioning variance, power, violating the homogeneity of variance Multiple and planned comparisons – things to consider, type one error, error rates, A Priori and Post Hoc comparisons, multiple planned comparisons, coefficient logic, arbitrary coefficient nature, orthogonal contrasts, familywise error, rules for selecting coefficients Factorial analysis of variance and simple effects – definitions, interactions and main effects, simple effects, higher order factorial designs, three-way interactions, simple interaction effects, interpreting effects Repeated-measures and mixed-model ANOVA – within-subjects ANOVA, mixed models, treatment vs. subject variability, sphericity, failure of sphericity, advantages Sampling – populations and samples, representative samples, probability sampling, simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified random sampling, cluster sampling, probability and non-probability sampling, convenience sampling, quota sampling, purposeful sampling, qualitative sampling Surveys and scales – constructs, developing a general body change inventory, self-report measurements, types of self-report questions, categories on a rating scale, psychological tests of constructs, validity types, how reliability affects validity, administering surveys and scales Qualitative methods and interviewing – research approaches, design, methods, preliminary data analysis, thematic analysis